This behavior can be explained with Newton’s third law. The wave pulse reflects on the opposite side of the spring. The kind of reflection that occurs depends on whether the boundary is fixed or open.ġ9 Fixed boundaries A fixed boundary does NOT move in response to a wave. Reflection causes a wave to change direction, and may also change its shape.ġ8 Boundaries Reflection occurs at boundaries where conditions change-such as the edge of a pool or a wall in a room. Answer the questions on your student assignment.ġ7 Reflection Reflection occurs for both longitudinal and transverse waves. Investigate interference using two circular waves. Investigate diffraction by varying the wavelength for the single-gap wall.ġ6 Investigation Part 2: Investigate refraction, diffraction, and interference Investigate absorption using a flat boundary. Investigate diffraction of plane waves around a half wall, and through single and double gaps. How does the wave direction change? Sketch a plane wave reflecting from a concave wall and a convex wall.ġ5 Investigation Part 2: Investigate refraction, diffraction, and interference Investigate refraction of plane waves for flat and angled boundaries. How does the wave direction change? Sketch a plane wave reflecting from an angled wall. Sketch a plane wave reflecting from a straight wall. Repeat the simulation for three different boundaries: angled wall curved concave wall curved convex wall The simulation displays wave behavior using a wavefront representation.ġ3 Investigation Part 1: Investigate reflection Demonstrate wave propagation with a Shive wave machine, if available.ġ2 Exploring the ideas In Investigation 15B you will explore wave propagation and wave interactions in a simulated ripple tank. A disturbance in one place causes a disturbance in the adjacent matter, such as in this water wave below. How do waves propagate?ġ1 How do waves propagate? Waves propagate because of connections between the particles in the wave medium. Waves propagate outwards from their source, carrying both energy and information. Animated illustration, page 418ġ0 Propagation To propagate is to spread out and grow. Waves propagate in a direction perpendicular to their wavefronts. In these figures, wavefronts are shown in dark blue. Describe the wave characteristic that makes radio transmission possible.Ħ Physics terms crest trough wavefront propagation reflection refractionĨ Describing waves A crest represents all the high points in a wave.Ī trough is all the low points in the wave.ĩ Representing waves The crest of a wave is sometimes called a wavefront. A yell echoes off a building.Ĥ Assessment A water wave moves from deep to shallow water.ĭescribe changes that occur to the following characteristics of the wave as it crosses a boundary from deep to shallow water: wave speed wavelength frequencyĥ Assessment Wave behaviors and characteristics:ĭescribe the wave behavior that allows you to hear sound from another room through a crack in the door. Waves curve around a boulder in the water. Use each term (reflection, refraction, absorption, and diffraction) once. Describe the role of wave characteristics and behaviors in medical and industrial applications.ģ Assessment Define the following events as fitting one of the wave-boundary interactions. Investigate behaviors of waves: reflection, refraction, and diffraction. Compare constructive interference to destructive interference.2 Objectives Examine and describe wave propagation. In that case, the waves subtract from each other as they overlap, which makes it destructive interference. However, suppose one wave has a positive amplitude, and one has a negative amplitude when they meet. If the two waves add together, it’s called constructive interference. The two ways waves can combine are called constructive and destructive interference. Interference occurs when two or more waves intersect simultaneously and at the same place. Both refraction and diffraction cause waves to bend however, refraction occurs when waves pass through an object, while diffraction occurs when waves pass around an object. When an object causes a wave to change direction and bend toward it, it’s called diffraction. For example, a pencil looks broken in water due to refraction. Refraction is the bending of a wave caused by a change in speed as it moves from one medium to another. The Law of Reflection states that a wave’s angle of incidence (i) always equals the angle of reflection (r). All types of waves can be reflected, including sound, water, and light waves. Reflection occurs when a wave strikes an object and bounces off of it. Reflection, refraction, and diffraction are all properties of waves.
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